The Opticon
Whereas, previously, I tried to make sense of the surreal numbers, after a little more study, I've come to a more reasonable understanding of the subject. My knowledge on it is not yet complete, though.
Let's imagine the Real Line of numbers. It extends from zero in some direction, and in the direction opposite to it. Around the origin, there's what some mathematicians like to rightly call the Infinitesimal Monad.
Since the Opticon is a scale-construct, it follows the Law of Continuity, by Leibniz: "the rules of the finite are found to succeed in the infinite." Therefore, there's an operational limit over the infinitesimal quantities. This means infinitesimal quantities are incomparable to real quantities up to exponentiation. Similarly, there's an operational limit to the Reals. Namely, infinity, ω_1, the first uncountable ordinal, the limit ordinal of the Reals.
Now, in the Reals, the first limit ordinal greater than all infinitesimal quantities is, by necessity, the number 1, the scale unit element. So, if we give the set of Reals a surname, let us call it R_1. Therefore, let us call the infinitesimal Monad R_0, since an infinitesimal number is still a real number. Now, there are still Real numbers beyond the ω_1. These Reals, we call R_2, and its infinitesimal Monad is the infinite union of all R_n, for -ω < n < 2. Therefore, for every R_k, its monad is the union from n = k-1 to -ω of R_n.
There is a function f (x) = (ω_1)^x that represents the operational limit for some scale. For R_1, the operational limit of the scale unit, f (1) = (ω_1)^ 1 = ω_1.
Notice that, being f (0) = 1, f (1) = f (f (0)). Then For every R_k its operational limit is given by the recursive composition of f (0) k times. We denote this as [k]f (0). Furthermore, the inverse function of f (x) is f^(-1) (x) = x^(1/ω_1). So, the unit element is [k-1]f^(-1) (ω_1), and the operational limit of its Infinitesimal Monad is [k]f^(-1) (ω_1).
This concludes the basic definition of the Opticon.
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